This line is by Rick Livermore: I remember hearing something about a Castaway in a bible college class that I took. This verse: 1 Corinthians 9:27 contained :a "Castaway" the greek word is "adokimos": cracked pot, something to be put on the shelf. The following block Quotes are to help figure out this concept.
The New King James Version. (1982).1 Co 9:27(NKJV) . Nashville: Thomas Nelson.[1]
The New King James Version. (1982). 1 Co 9:27(NKJV). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.[1]
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- 59. A Castaway
- PAUL in a figurative sense beats his body black and blue, and brings it into bondage to himself, lest after having preached to others, he himself should be a castaway (1 Cor. 9:27). Some have interpreted this as meaning that Paul feared that if he did not properly fulfill his apostolic office, he would be cast away by God into an eternity of suffering in the Lake of Fire. But there are three things that forbid this meaning.
- First, the context is not one of salvation, but of service and rewards. Salvation is a free gift with no strings tied to it. It was made possible by the infinite price that was paid at the Cross. Rewards are earned by service.
- Second, the words of Paul’s Saviour are pertinent here, “Him that cometh unto me, I will in no wise cast out” (John 6:37). The word “castaway” in our Corinthian passage is an entirely different word from the two Greek words translated “cast out,” the latter being literally “cast out into the outside.” The words “in no wise” are from a double negative in the Greek which does not make a positive assertion but means a most emphatic “NOT.”
- Third, the word “castaway” is from a word compounded of two parts of speech, a word meaning “to put one’s approval upon after one has tested something,” and the Greek letter Alpha, which when prefixed to a word makes the word mean the opposite to that which it originally meant. The word means “disapproval after having failed to meet the requirements.” Paul was speaking of his apostolic service. He was careful lest that should not meet the requirements of His Lord and that therefore he be disapproved, not as a Christian, for salvation is not in view here, but as an apostle, for his service was the thing that was being weighed in God’s balances. Before Paul could be disapproved as to his standing in Christ, namely, as to his salvation, his Lord would have to be disapproved. But He is God Himself, in His holy character unchangeable.
Paul was running a race. To win a crown, his service must be acceptable. Greek runners would compete for a prize, a crown of oak leaves. If they broke training, they would be disqualified, forbidden to race. The Greek word translated “castaway” is this word “disqualified,” disapproved after having failed to meet the requirements. Paul served his Lord with an intense earnestness lest he be disqualified, forbidden to exercise his ministry. Let us who are serving the Lord do our very best to please Him lest we be set aside and someone else put in our place.---Wuest, K. S.[2]
δόκιμος dókimos [tested, precious] <G1384>,
ἀδόκιμος adókimos [inauthentic] <G96>,
δοκιμή dokimḗ [testing] <G1382>,
δοκίμιον dokímion [tested] <G1383>,
δοκιμάζω dokimázō [to test] <G1381>,
ἀποδοκιμάζω apodokimázō [to reject] <G593>,
δοκιμασία dokimasía [testing]
From the stem word dokḗ (“watching”), dókimos means “tested,” and thus a. “reliable,” and b. “esteemed,” “valuable” (whether persons or things). adókimos is the opposite, used of persons. The rare dokimḗ means “testing.” dokímion has the sense of “tested,” “genuine,” dokimázein means “to test,” apodokimázein “to throw out in the test,” and dokimasía “testing.” The NT gives the group a special application in view of the situation of Christians. Set between salvation on the one side and judgment on the other, they seek attestation.
1. Human life stands under a divine testing which climaxes in the judgment (1 Cor. 3:13; Jms. 1:12). The judgment, however, gathers up the divine testing in history (1 Th. 2:4). The background of this view of testing is to be found in the OT, the last judgment in, e.g., Jer. 11:20, present testing in, e.g., Pss. 17:3; 26:2.
2. The future judgment and the present divine scrutiny fashion a corresponding mode of life. a. Attestation is an urgent question in 1 and 2 Corinthians. The Corinthians do not find in Paul the proof of power that they seek (2 Cor. 13:3). He reminds them that what counts is not human but divine commendation (2 Cor. 10:18). This gives added point to the question of attestation, b. Attestation will be manifested in affliction, i.e., the pressure put on the church in this period when it does not yet see salvation and is exposed to assault from secular and demonic powers. Suffering produces endurance, endurance dokimḗ, and dokimḗ hope (Rom. 5:3-4). The Macedonians remain joyous and generous in a severe dokimḗ of affliction (2 Cor. 8:2). Cf. also Jms. 1:2-3; 1 Pet. 1:6-7: in the former tó dokímion is probably “testing,” while in the latter it has the more likely sense of “genuineness,” but the thought is essentially the same in both. The testing sifts out the dókimoi (1 Cor. 11:19), i.e., authentic believers who shun factions, glorify God by obedience (2 Cor. 9:13), attest their love in the collection (2 Cor. 8:8), and, even though the apostle himself may seem to have failed, meet the test themselves by doing good (2 Cor. 13:5ff.). c. The presupposition here is that only believers can meet the test of judgment. Apart from Christ, people are given up to a mind that is adókimos (Rom. 1:28), i.e., to an outlook which, since they themselves did not see fit to acknowledge God (edokímasan), is unattested or inauthentic.
3. Set under God’s searching eye, Christians come under the twofold testing denoted by the verb dokimázein. a. They must learn the will of God by testing (cf. Rom. 12:2; Eph. 5:9-10; Phil. 1:10; 1 Th. 5:21). This protects them from caprice and brings them seriously under God’s will for their lives. In the same way they are to test the spirits (1 Jn. 4:1). b. At the same time, they are to test themselves (2 Cor. 13:5). In particular, the disorderly Corinthians are to examine themselves when they come to the Lord’s table (1 Cor. 11:28). c. Jesus also demands that his followers should test the times, reproaching the people because they can interpret material phenomena but not detect the signs of God’s direction of history (Luke 12:56).
4. In Matt. 21:42 and parallels, quoting Ps. 118:22, Jesus describes himself as the “rejected” stone which has become the head of the corner (cf. 1 Pet. 2:4, 7). We are now exposed to human testing, but what finally counts is the divine test.
[W. GRUNDMANN, II, 255–60]--Geoffrey W. Bromiley, trans., Gerhard Kittel, Gerhard Friedrich, ed., [3]
I Cor 3:1 And I, brethren, could not speak unto you as unto abspiritual, but as unto accarnal, even as unto dbabes in Christ. I Cor 3:2 I have fed you with emilk, and not with meat: ffor hitherto ye were not able to bear it, neither yet now are ye able. I Cor 3:3 For ye are yet carnal: for whereas there is among you genvying, and ghstrife, and ||divisions, are ye not carnal, and walk †as men? I Cor 3:4 For iwhile one saith, I am of Paul; and another, I am of jApollos; are ye not carnal?
I Cor 3:5 Who then is Paul, and who is jApollos, but kministers by whom lye believed, meven as the Lord gave to every man? I Cor 3:6 nI have planted, joApollos watered; pbut God gave the increase. I Cor 3:7 So then qneither is he that planteth any thing, neither he that watereth; but God that giveth the increase. I Cor 3:8 Now he that planteth and he that watereth are one: rand every man shall receive his own reward according to his own labour. I Cor 3:9 For swe are labourers together with God: ye are God’s ||husbandry, ye are tGod’s building. I Cor 3:10 uAccording to the grace of God which is given unto me, as a wise masterbuilder, xI have laid the foundation, and another buildeth thereon. But let every man take heed how he buildeth thereupon. I Cor 3:11For yother foundation can no man lay than that is laid, zwhich is Jesus Christ. I Cor 3:12 Now if any man build upon this foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble; a
I Cor 3:13 Every man’s work shall be made manifest: for bthe day cshall declare it, because dit †shall be revealed eby fire; and ethe fire shall ftry every man’s work of what sort it is. I Cor 3:14 If any man’s work abide which he hath built thereupon, ahe shall receive a reward. I Cor 3:15 If any man’s work shall be burned, ghe shall suffer loss: but he himself shall be saved; yet so as ehby fire. I Cor 3:16 iKnow ye not that ye are the temple of God, and that jthe Spirit of God dwelleth in you? I Cor 3:17 If any man ||defile the temple of God, him shall God destroy; for the temple of God is holy, which temple ye are. I Cor 3:18 Let no man deceive himself. lIf any man among you seemeth to be wise in mthis world, let him become a fool, that he may be wise. I Cor 3:19 For nthe wisdom of this world is foolishness with God. For it is written, oHe taketh the wise in their own pcraftiness. I Cor 3:20 And again, qThe Lord knoweth the thoughts of the wise, that they are vain. I Cor 3:21 Therefore rlet no man glory sin men. For tall things are yours; I Cor 3:22 Whether Paul, or uApollos, or uCephas, or the world, or life, or death, or xthings present, or things to come; all are yours; I Cor 3:23 And yye are Christ’s; and zChrist is God’s.---https://bible.faithlife.com/books/kjv1900/1Co3.13 [4]
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1 Corinthians 3:12 (WuestNT)
12 (WuestNT) Now, assuming that anyone builds upon the aforementioned foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble, the work of each person will become apparent, for the day will make it known, because it will be made clear as to its identity by means of one of its attributes, namely, fire. And the fire itself will put each person's work to the test for the purpose of approving it should it meet the required specifications, the test being to determine what sort of work it is as to quality. Assuming that the work of anyone which he has built upon it endures in that it has met these specifications, he shall receive a reward. Assuming that the work of anyone will be burned up, he will incur a loss, but he himself shall be saved, but being saved thus, it will be as escaping destruction in the midst of the fire which burns up his works. --WuestNT[5]
12 (WuestNT) Now, assuming that anyone builds upon the aforementioned foundation gold, silver, precious stones, wood, hay, stubble, the work of each person will become apparent, for the day will make it known, because it will be made clear as to its identity by means of one of its attributes, namely, fire. And the fire itself will put each person's work to the test for the purpose of approving it should it meet the required specifications, the test being to determine what sort of work it is as to quality. Assuming that the work of anyone which he has built upon it endures in that it has met these specifications, he shall receive a reward. Assuming that the work of anyone will be burned up, he will incur a loss, but he himself shall be saved, but being saved thus, it will be as escaping destruction in the midst of the fire which burns up his works. --WuestNT[5]
1 Co 3:13 (NKJV)
| and | the | fire | will | test | each | one’s | work | , | of | what | |||||||||
| καὶ14 | τὸ20 | πῦρ21 | → | δοκιμάσει22 | ἑκάστου15 | ← | τὸ16 ἔργον17 | → | → | ||||||||||
| kai | to | pyr | dokimasei | hekastou | to ergon | ||||||||||||||
| και | ο | πυρ | δοκιμαζω | εκαστος | ο εργον | ||||||||||||||
| kai | o | pyr | dokimazō | ekastos | o ergon | ||||||||||||||
| CLN | DNSN | NNSN | VFAI3S | JGSM | DNSN NNSN | ||||||||||||||
| 2532 | 3588 | 4442 | 1381 | 1538 | 3588 2041 |
| sort | it | is | ||
| ὁποῖόν18 | → | ἐστι19 | ||
| hopoion | esti | |||
| που | ειμι | |||
| pou | eimi | |||
| JNSN R--NSN | VPAI3S | |||
| 3697 | 2076 |
The New King James Version. (1982). (1 Co 3:13). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.[7]
ALLOW
1. dokimazo (δοκιμάζω, 1381), “to prove with a view to approving,” is twice translated by the verb “to allow” in the KJV; the RV corrects to “approveth” in Rom. 14:22, and “have been approved,” 1 Thess. 2:4, of being qualified to be entrusted with the gospel; in Rom. 1:28, with the negative, the RV has “refused,” for KJV, did not like. See APPROVE.
2. ginosko (γινώσκω, 1097), “to know,” is rendered “allow” in Rom. 7:15 (KJV); the RV has “that which I do I know not”; i.e., “I do not recognize, as a thing for which I am responsible.” See AWARE, CAN, FEEL, KNOW, PERCEIVE, RESOLVE, SPEAK, SURE, UNDERSTAND.
3. suneudokeo (συνευδοκέω, 4909), “to consent or fully approve” (sun, “with,” eu, “well,” dokeo, “to think”), is translated “allow” in Luke 11:48; “was consenting” in Acts 8:1; 22:20. See CONSENT.
4. prosdechomai (προσδέχομαι, 4327), mistranslated “allow” in Acts 24:15, KJV, means “to wait for,” in contrast to rejection, there said of entertaining a hope; hence the RV, “look for.” See ACCEPT, A, No. 3.---Vines Complete Expository Dictionary [8]
Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon
Strong’s Numbers with Brown, Driver, Briggs and Thayer lexicons allows English readers to identify and search for underlying Greek and Hebrew words in the original text. Definitions are found in Strong’s Expanded Dictionary which is based on the Thayer and Brown, Driver, Briggs lexicons. Included in package here
1381 δοκιμάζω, δοκιμασία [dokimazo /dok·im·ad·zo/] v. From 1384; TDNT 2:255; TDNTA 181; GK 1507 and 1508; 23 occurrences; AV translates as “prove” 10 times, “try” four times, “approve” three times, “discern” twice, “allow” twice, “like” once, and “examine” once. 1 to test, examine, prove, scrutinise (to see whether a thing is genuine or not), as metals. 2 to recognise as genuine after examination, to approve, deem worthy.
1382 δοκιμή [dokime /dok·ee·may/] n f. From the same as 1384; TDNT 2:255; TDNTA 181; GK 1509; Seven occurrences; AV translates as “proof” three times, “experience” twice, “trial” once, and “experiment” once. 1 proving, trial. 2 approved, tried character. 3 a proof, a specimen of tried worth.
1383 δοκίμιον [dokimion /dok·im·ee·on/] n n. A presumed derivative of 1382; TDNT 2:255; TDNTA 181; GK 1510; Two occurrences; AV translates as “trying” once, and “trial” once. 1 the proving. 2 that by which something is tried or proved, a test.
1384 δόκιμος [dokimos /dok·ee·mos/] adj. From 1380; TDNT 2:255; TDNTA 183; GK 1511; Seven occurrences; AV translates as “approved” six times, and “tried” once. 1 accepted, particularly of coins and money. 2 accepted, pleasing, acceptable. Additional Information: In the ancient world there was no banking system as we know it today, and no paper money. All money was made from metal, heated until liquid, poured into moulds and allowed to cool. When the coins were cooled, it was necessary to smooth off the uneven edges. The coins were comparatively soft and of course many people shaved them closely. In one century, more than eighty laws were passed in Athens, to stop the practice of shaving down the coins then in circulation. But some money changers were men of integrity, who would accept no counterfeit money. They were men of honour who put only genuine full weighted money into circulation. Such men were called “dokimos” or “approved”. Donald Barnhouse.
[9] Strong, J. (1995). Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon. Woodside Bible Fellowship.
Appendix / Bibliography
[2] Wuest, K. S. (1997). Wuest’s word studies from the Greek New Testament: for the English reader (Vol. 17, pp. 113–115). Grand Rapids: Eerdmans.
https://bible.faithlife.com/books/kjv1900/1Co3.13 [4]
[6] Wuest, K. S. (1961). The New Testament: an expanded translation (1 Co 9:24–27). Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2002. WORDsearch CROSS e-book.
[7] The New King James Version. Reverse Interlinear (1982). (1 Co 3:13). Nashville: Thomas Nelson.
[8]Vine, W. E., Unger, M. F., & White, W., Jr. (1996). Vine’s Complete Expository Dictionary of Old and New Testament Words (Vol. 2, p. 22). Nashville, TN: T. Nelson.Strong’s Numbers with Brown, Driver, Briggs and Thayer lexicons allows English readers to identify and search for underlying Greek and Hebrew words in the original text. Definitions are found in Strong’s Expanded Dictionary which is based on the Thayer and Brown, Driver, Briggs lexicons. Strong, J. (1995). Enhanced Strong’s Lexicon. Woodside Bible Fellowship.
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