Excerpt from HALOT: Seat Throne

 meaning: a) trad. the container for the Tables of the Law, first mentioned in Dt 10:1-4 and P; b) older critical interpretation: the shrine in which the deity was thought to be bodily present Nu 10:33-36, Jos 3:15ff, Jos 6, 1S 4-6, 2S 6; c) more recent opinion: the throne for the god who was invisibly seated on it Jr 3:16f; Meinhold (1900); Dibelius (1906); d) more recent comparisons (with nomadic travelling shrine or Canaanite ceremonial shrine for processions, not linked with כַּפֹּרֶת until Solomon ? Dictionnaire 124) throne; MHeb. 545t, 548a), masc.; Salonen Landfahrzeuge 77:124: —1. seat, chair: for visitor 1K 2:19, guest 2K 4:10, old man 1S 1:9, judge Ps 9:5, כִּ׳ דִין (Akk. kussī dayyānūti) Pr 20:8, waiting courtesan Pr 9:14; —2. seat of honour, throne: a) for Pharaoh Gn 41:40, king Ju 3:20 כִּ׳ מַמְלַכְתּוֹ Dt 17:18, כִּ׳ הַמַּמְלָכָה 2C 23:20, כִּ׳ הַמְּלוּכָה 1K 1:46; 2K 11:19 25:28 Jr 33:21 Hg 2:22 Est 1:2 5:1; כִּ׳ דָוִד 2S 3:10 1K 1:37 Is 9:6 Jr 22:2, 30 36:30, כִּ׳ יִשְׂרָאֵל 1K 2:4 8:20, 25 9:5 10:9 2K 10:30 15:12 2C 6:10, 16, כִּ׳ בֵית יִשְׂרָאֵל Jr 33:17, כִּ׳ בְתוּלַת בָּבֶל Is 47:1, כִּ׳ פַחַת of the satrap Neh 3:7 (→ Simons 453f.; Rudolph 116); (שְׁלֹמֹה) כִּ׳ 2K 10:3 (Widengren Sak. Hw. 1885; b) prince in front of a besieged city Jr 1:15 43:10 (→ Rudolph 10; Gressmann Bilder 138; Pritchard Pictures 371), כִּ׳ שֵׁן גָּדוֹל great throne of ivory 1K 10:18 2C 9:17; יָשַׁב עַל־כִּסֵּא פְ׳ to succeed a person as king 1K 1:13 etc., הוֹשִׁיב עַל־כִּסֵּא 1K 2:24, שִׂים עַל־כִּסֵּא 2K 10:3, שִׁית עַל־כִּסֵּא Ps 132:11, יָשַׁב לְכִסֵּא לְ 132:12; —3. כִּסֵּא of Yahweh 1K 22:19 1C 29:23 2C 18:18; Is 6:1 14:13 66:1 Ezk 43:7 Ps 11:4 Lam 5:19; Jerusalem as כִּ׳ י׳ Jr 3:17; כִּסְאֲךָ אֱל׳ your throne, O God (divine throne ?) Ps 45:7, of a king ! Gunkel; Mowinckel, :: Driver and others = is like God’s throne (Emerton JSS 13:58ff.), אֱל־ for יהוה, misread < יִהְיֶה (Duhm; Dhorme); Zech 6:13b rd. יְמִינוֹ; ? כִּ׳ הַוּוֹת throne of destruction ? 3/4: 246ff.; Luther’s “mercy-seat”: “throne of mercy” (Rudolph; Echter-Bibel; Galling) as an instrument of atonement (כִּפֶּר !) or “throne of the cherubim” (HSchmidt Fschr.

Ludwig Koehler, Walter Baumgartner, M. E. J. Richardson, et al., The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1994–2000), 86.

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