DIFFERENT BY DESIGN
JOHN MacARTHUR, JR.
While this book is intended for the reader’s personal enjoyment and profit, it is also designed for study. A personal and group study guide is included at the end of this text.
Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture references are from the New American Standard Bible, (c) the Lockman Foundation 1960, 1962, 1963, 1968, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1975, 1977; other references are from the Holy Bible, New International Version (NIV). Copyright (c) 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House. All rights reserved.
Copy Editor: Barbara Williams
Cover Design: Joe DeLeon
Recommended Dewey Decimal Classification: 248.84
Suggested Subject Heading: Christian Living
ISBN: 1–56476–247–5
Electronic Edition Copyright 1996 by John MacArthur, Jr. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.
No part of this book may be reproduced without written permission, except for brief quotations in books and critical reviews. For information, write Victor Books, 1825 College Avenue, Wheaton, Illinois 60187.
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
PART ONE: THE ATTACK ON GOD’S DESIGN
1. Creation to Corruption
2. The Case for Authority and Submission
PART TWO: GOD’S DESIGN FOR MARRIAGE
3. Marriage As It Was Meant to Be
4. The Excellent Wife at Work
5. A Different Place in God’s Plan
PART THREE: GOD’S DESIGN FOR THE CHURCH
6. The Church’s Leading Men
7. God’s High Call for Women
8. The Character of Service
9. For the Sake of the Kingdom
Personal and Group Study Guide
INTRODUCTION
The fact that men and women are different by design is no surprise to those who are committed to reality or familiar with the Bible. It is a great surprise, however, to many who, over several decades, have engineered, vigorously endorsed, or passively succumbed to the social experiments that deny or attempt to alter that design. The experiments have failed, and have destroyed our culture in the process. A plethora of astute, honest, and brave observers in this closing decade of our century have begun to speak up:
• Item: In the former Soviet Union, where radical social experimentation on male/female roles has occurred since the early part of this century, “many Russian women see true freedom as the ability to be full-time wives and mothers,” according to a front-page story in a recent issue of the Los Angeles Times (Elizabeth Shogren, “Russia’s Equality Erosion” [Thur. 11 Feb. 1993], A1). That traditional option has long been denied them, and both men and women are beginning to sense that this denial was never right:
Public opinion polls show that many Russians, men and women, feel that if they could have the choice, most women would not work outside the home while raising their children …
Lyudmila is one girl who has already decided that she does not want to repeat the double-duty life of her mother, who has toiled full time for 20 years in a candy factory while, like many other Russian women, being solely responsible for the household. “She gets no satisfaction from her work,” said Lyudmila … “I don’t want to work after I am married. It takes too much time from your family. Most of my girlfriends feel the same way …” “The majority of younger women think it’s better if women are at home,” said Valentina V. Bodrova, a sociologist at the All Russian Center of Public Opinion and Market Research, a leading polling organization (A10).
• Item: The cover of the January 20, 1992 issue of Time magazine reads, “Why Are Men and Women Different? It isn’t just upbringing. New studies show they are born that way” (January 20, 1992). That title has the aura of a shocking revelation, but it really is common sense to objective people—as demonstrated by the opening illustration of the lead article:
Many scientists rely on elaborately complex and costly equipment to probe the mysteries confronting humankind. Not Melissa Hines. The UCLA behavioral scientist is hoping to solve one of life’s oldest riddles with a toybox full of police cars, Lincoln Logs, and Barbie dolls … Hines and her colleagues have tried to determine the origins of gender differences by capturing on videotape the squeals of delight, furrows of concentration and myriad decisions that children from 2 1/2 to 8 make while playing. Although both sexes play with all the toys available in Hines’ laboratory, her work confirms what most parents (and more than a few aunts, uncles and nursery-school teachers) already know. As a group, the boys favor sports cars, fire trucks, and Lincoln Logs, while the girls are drawn more often to dolls and kitchen toys …
During the feminist revolution of the 1970s, talk of inborn differences in the behavior of men and women was distinctly unfashionable, even taboo … Once sexism was abolished, so the argument ran, the world would become a perfectly equitable, androgynous place, aside from a few anatomical details. But biology has a funny way of confounding expectations. Rather than disappear, the evidence for innate sexual differences only began to mount …
Another generation of parents discovered that, despite their best efforts to give baseballs to their daughters and sewing kits to their sons, girls still flocked to dollhouses while boys clambered into tree forts (Christine Gorman, “Sizing Up the Sexes,” p. 42, emphasis added).
• Item: A recent book on brain physiology, provocatively titled, Brain Sex: The Real Difference Between Men and Women (Anne Moir and David Jessel [New York: Dell, 1991]) details the empirical evidence for innate differences between the sexes. Anne Moir acquired her interest in the topic as a postgraduate student working for her doctorate in genetics at Oxford University amid the radical feminist atmosphere of the ’70s. She noticed that some scientists seemed afraid of their discoveries about male/female differences, downplaying their significance over concern about what was politically correct. But Dr. Moir followed the mounting evidence through the years, and shared her findings with a reporter. The book that emerged from their joint effort has this significant introduction:
Men are different from women. They are equal only in their common membership of the same species, humankind. To maintain that they are the same in aptitude, skill or behaviour is to build a society based on a biological and scientific lie.
The sexes are different because their brains are different. The brain, the chief administrative and emotional organ of life, is differently constructed in men and in women; it processes information in a different way, which results in different perceptions, priorities and behaviour.
In the past ten years there has been an explosion of scientific research into what makes the sexes different. Doctors, scientists, psychologists and sociologists, working apart, have produced a body of findings which, taken together, paints a remarkably consistent picture. And the picture is one of startling sexual asymmetry …
It is time to explode the social myth that men and women are virtually interchangeable, all things being equal. All things are not equal (p. 5).
• Item: Another popular book on this general topic, which spent over two years on the New York Times bestseller list, is You Just Don’t Understand: Women and Men in Conversation by Dr. Deborah Tannen (New York: Ballantine, 1991). A previous book Tannen wrote had just one chapter out of ten on gender differences, but 90 percent of the requests she received for interviews, articles, and lectures were from people wanting to know more about male/female differences. She decided she also wanted to learn more. Tannen writes:
I am joining the growing dialogue on gender and language because the risk of ignoring differences is greater than the danger of naming them. Sweeping something big under the rug doesn’t make it go away; it trips you up and sends you sprawling …
Pretending that women and men are the same hurts women, because the ways they are treated are based on the norms for men. It also hurts men who, with good intentions, speak to women as they would to men, and are nonplussed when their words don’t work as they expected, or even spark resentment and anger … If we recognize and understand the differences between us, we can take them into account, adjust to, and learn from each other’s styles (pp. 16–17).
• Item: One young single mother wrote a book asserting that the feminist movement has, first of all, failed women and children—with men not far behind. She points out that riffling through the pages of your daughters’ [public] school books, what you won’t see … is a single image celebrating the work women do as wives and mothers. That information … is carefully and systematically expunged from the official cultural record. Sexual equality is our culture’s rationale for denying the existence of specifically female contributions, an excuse for withdrawing social approval and protection when women refuse to behave just like men … When a culture begins to promote false conceptions of sex, gender, and family, the reverberations are felt immediately, penetrating deep into the least public and most intimate realms of our daily lives (Maggie Gallagher, Enemies of Eros [Chicago: Bonus, 1989], 9, 21).
A recent article in The Atlantic Monthly described those reverberations in chilling detail. Its conclusion? That “over the past two and a half decades Americans have been conducting what is tantamount to a vast natural experiment in family life … This is the first generation in the nation’s history to do worse psychologically, socially, and economically than its parents” (Barbara Dafoe Whitehead, “Dan Quayle Was Right” [April 1993]:84).
• Item: During our nation’s 1992 Presidential election, we received a moving reminder that many sensible people resisted the family experiments being foisted on society. Marilyn Quayle, wife of the former Vice President, said in a featured speech:
Not everyone believed that the family was so oppressive that women could only thrive apart from it … I sometimes think … liberals are … angry because they believed the grandiose promises of the liberation movements.
They’re disappointed because most women do not wish to be liberated from their essential natures as women. Most of us love being mothers and wives, which gives our lives a richness that few men or women get from professional accomplishment alone … Nor has it made for a better society to liberate men from their obligations as husbands and fathers (Wed. 19 Aug. 1992, Republican National Convention, Houston, Texas, Transcript ID: 861194).
Christians all along have objected to intentional or unintentional obscuring of gender distinctives, writing many books of their own on the topic—and long before it became popular to do so. Some of those books focus exclusively on women and feminism; others discuss what the Bible teaches about both men and women, going into great detail about what life was like in ancient times, but falling a little short in providing guidelines on how that applies to contemporary life.
The approach of this book is not to provide you with an intimidating tome, but to explain simply and directly all the key biblical passages describing what it means to be a man or a woman from God’s perspective. I want you to have a comprehensive picture, but not one that is overwhelming. I will also endeavor to be practical so you know how God’s Word applies to your particular situation.
At the same time, you need to be aware of current trends threatening the clear biblical instruction on male/female roles. As is often the case, the church eventually catches the world’s diseases and adopts the spirit of the age. Some leaders and writers, in the name of Christianity, teach principles that attempt to redefine, or even alter, biblical truths to accommodate the standards of contemporary thinking. When appropriate, we’ll examine what they are teaching.
Part one will examine the various attacks against God’s design for men and women, beginning with Satan’s initial corruption of God’s glorious creation and including some of the more contemporary assaults on specific biblical doctrines, like the principle of authority and submission. In part two we’ll review God’s design for marriage, particularly how life in Christ and being filled with His Spirit can bring fulfillment to any marriage. We’ll also consider the specific problems wives face in a society that elevates self-fulfillment above family responsibility. I’ve also included one chapter for those of you who are either married to unbelievers, widowed, divorced, or single. Finally, part three examines God’s design for the roles of men and women in the church, including the specific biblical qualifications for leading or serving.
To narrow our scope, one area of male/female interaction we won’t consider in depth is family life, a topic I have covered extensively in other books (The Fulfilled Family and The Family, both published by Moody Press [Chicago: 1987, 1982]). Pushing past the failed social experiments we will endeavor to rediscover what God’s timeless Word says about our differences as men and women, and the grand design and fulfillment that await those who embrace the truth.
John MacArthur, Different by Design, MacArthur Study Series (Wheaton, IL: Victor Books, 1996), 3–13.
https://biblia.com/books/design/Page.p_3
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